Introduction
Women of the Courts Symposium

AS the title indicates, the focus of this symposium issue of the University of Toledo Law Review is women, and their influence on the decisions made within the U.S. court system. The primary goal of this symposium issue is to celebrate the successes and explore the challenges for women judges.

The issue begins with Professor Theresa Beiner's article, Female Judging, which provides an overview of how women judges are deciding cases and offers insight into the women judges who are participating in this symposium. Next, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Judge Dolores Sloviter share in their submissions some history of women to the bench. The symposium is then organized alphabetically by the author's name because they are too rich and varied for easy categorization.

We hope you find this collection of essays, speeches, and articles informative and inspiring.

THE UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO LAW REVIEW

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WOMEN OF THE COURTS SYMPOSIUM

Introduction..............................................................................................................................ix

Dedication: Howard
William M. Richman..............................................................................................................813

Female Judging
Theresa M. Beiner ................................................................................................................821

Preamble to Justice Ginsburg
Lynn H. Schafran .................................................................................................................848

A Great Lady and a Little Known Page of Supreme Court History
Ruth Bader Ginsburg ...........................................................................................................849

Women's Progress at the Bar and on the Bench: Pathmarks in Alabama and Elsewhere in the Nation
Ruth Bader Ginsburg ............................................................................................................851

Personal Reflections
Dolores Korman Sloviter .......................................................................................................855

My Life and the Law: A Short Overview
Deborah A. Agosti ...............................................................................................................863

It May Not Be Easy to Hold on to What We've Achieved
Jean Dubofsky ....................................................................................................................883

Building a Justice System Committed to Fairness and Equality for Women: A Personal Account of New York's Progress
Betty Weinberg Ellerin .........................................................................................................889

Women Chiefs: Shaping the Third Branch
Judith S. Kaye .....................................................................................................................899

Judging, Personality, and Gender: Not Just a Woman's Issue
John W. Kennedy, Jr. ...........................................................................................................905

Remarks
Joan Dempsey Klein .............................................................................................................911

State High Courts and Divorce: The Impact of Judicial Gender
Elaine Martin and Barry Pyle ..................................................................................................923

The Origins, Evolution, Purposes and Achievements of the International Association of Women Judges
Arline Pacht .........................................................................................................................949

Not from Central Casting: The Amazing Rise of Women in the American Judiciary
Lynn Hecht Schafran.............................................................................................................953

Equal Opportunity for Women Is Not Just "Women's Work"
Randall T. Shepard ..............................................................................................................977

Six Not-So-Easy Pieces: One Woman Judge's Journey to the Bench and Beyond
Patricia M. Wald ..................................................................................................................979

COMMENT

Women of the Highest Court: Does Gender Bias or Personal Life Experiences Influence Their Opinions?
Brenda Kruse ......................................................................................................................995

Index to Volume 3.............................................................................................................1023